Forest fires are one of the most serious environmental problems in the world today. This event occurs when a significant area of forest is burned, usually due to a combination of natural factors and human activities. Forest fires not only damage ecosystems, but also have serious impacts on human health. The environmental impacts of forest fires are extensive. First, the loss of flora and fauna is very significant, resulting in loss of habitat and reducing biodiversity. Many endemic animal and plant species cannot adapt quickly to these environmental changes, increasing the risk of extinction. Second, forest fires cause air pollution, which can spread far from the fire location. The smoke produced contains harmful particles and toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, which have a negative impact on air quality. The ecosystem system was also disturbed by this fire. Burned soil loses fertility and can cause erosion. As a result, the regeneration process of trees and plants becomes slower, making the area more vulnerable to future fires. Decreased soil quality also affects water sources, causing problems for communities that depend on these water sources for agriculture and consumption. In terms of human health, forest fires contribute to an increase in respiratory problems. Exposure to smoke containing PM2.5 and other harmful substances can worsen chronic health conditions such as asthma and obstructive lung disease. In addition, the risk of acute respiratory infections (ARI) increases, especially among children and the elderly. The spread of pathogenic substances due to environmental degradation can also increase the burden on the health system. Not only that, forest fires can affect people’s mental health. Communities forced to leave their homes and lose their livelihoods due to fires are at risk of experiencing post-traumatic stress. Apart from the physical impact, the psychological impact of loss and uncertainty about the future is very significant. Deforestation, illegal farming and land use changes are some of the main causes of forest fires. Efforts to put out fires are often too late and ineffective without proper preventative measures. Modern technology such as satellite monitoring and early detection systems can help reduce impacts, but the role of local communities in natural resource management is critical. Therefore, efforts to educate the public about forest management and sustainable practices must be increased. Awareness of climate change which is the main cause of the spread of forest fires also needs to be raised. Engineering policies that support forest protection and nature conservation are strategic steps to reduce the impact of forest fires in the world.